| What to create | Exam |
| Which subject | Biology |
| What age group | College |
| What topic | DNA structure, DNA replication, enzyme helicase, antiparalel, protein synthesis, mRNA, transcription, speciation, evolution, Gregor Mendel, monohybrid, mutation |
| Question types | Mixed |
| Number of questions | 30 |
| Number of answers | 4 |
| Correct answers | Exactly 1 |
| Show correct answers | |
| Use images (descriptions) | |
| Any other preferences | Multiple choice questions |
Please read each question carefully and choose the correct answer from the provided options. Each question has one correct answer.
What is the basic structure of DNA?
A. Double helix
B. Single helix
C. Triple helix
D. Linear chain
Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
A. DNA polymerase
B. Ligase
C. Helicase
D. Primase
In DNA, the two strands run in opposite directions. This orientation is referred to as:
A. Logistic
B. Antiparallel
C. Parallel
D. Symmetrical
What is the primary purpose of mRNA in the process of protein synthesis?
A. To transport amino acids
B. To contain genetic information
C. To facilitate DNA replication
D. To splice RNA molecules
Transcription is the process of synthesizing:
A. Proteins from DNA
B. RNA from DNA
C. DNA from RNA
D. Amino acids from nucleotides
Speciation is best described as:
A. The process of adaptation within a species
B. The formation of new and distinct species
C. The extinction of all members of a species
D. The migration of species from one environment to another
Which of the following statements best summarizes the theory of evolution?
A. Species are unchanging and permanent
B. New species arise through diversification from older species
C. Evolution occurs only through artificial selection
D. All species have an equal chance of survival
Gregor Mendel is best known for his work in:
A. Natural selection
B. Genetic inheritance
C. Biochemistry
D. Evolutionary biology
A monohybrid cross examines the inheritance of how many traits?
A. Two
B. Four
C. Three
D. One
What type of mutation results in a change in a single nucleotide base pair?
A. Insertion mutation
B. Deletion mutation
C. Substitution mutation
D. Frameshift mutation
DNA replication is semiconservative, meaning:
A. Each new DNA molecule contains one old and one new strand
B. Both strands of DNA remain intact
C. New DNA is synthesized without a template
D. The process occurs at the ribosome
Which molecule carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome?
A. tRNA
B. rRNA
C. mRNA
D. DNA
What is the role of DNA ligase during DNA replication?
A. Unwinds the DNA double helix
B. Joins Okazaki fragments
C. Synthesizes RNA primers
D. Creates a complementary strand
Antiparallel strands in DNA refer to:
A. Strands running in the same direction
B. Strands running in opposite directions
C. Strands connected by hydrogen bonds
D. Strands formed by complementary bases
Which of the following factors can cause mutations?
A. Environmental stressors only
B. Insertions and deletions only
C. Both environmental factors and errors in DNA replication
D. Genetic drift
The process where a segment of DNA is copied into RNA is known as:
A. Translation
B. Transcription
C. Replication
D. Duplication
Natural selection is a mechanism of:
A. Adaptive radiation
B. Evolution
C. Speciation
D. Genetic drift
What is the structure that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
A. mRNA
B. rRNA
C. tRNA
D. DNA
How many alleles for a single trait does a diploid organism possess?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
What is a key characteristic of a frameshift mutation?
A. It replaces one nucleotide with another
B. It shifts the reading frame of the genetic code
C. It does not affect protein function
D. It occurs at the promoter region
In a monohybrid cross, which of the following is expected in the F2 generation?
A. All dominant traits
B. Half dominant and half recessive traits
C. A 3:1 ratio of dominant to recessive traits
D. A uniform phenotype
Speciation can occur due to:
A. Geographic isolation
B. Genetic drift
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
Which of the following represents the DNA sequence that pairs with the mRNA codon AUG?
A. UAC
B. TAC
C. UAG
D. ATC
What is the main function of helicase in DNA replication?
A. To synthesize new DNA strands
B. To unwind the DNA helix
C. To join strands of DNA
D. To initiate transcription
The concept of dominant and recessive traits comes from the work of:
A. Charles Darwin
B. Gregor Mendel
C. Louis Pasteur
D. Francis Crick
Which of the following best describes a point mutation?
A. It affects the entire gene
B. It alters one nucleotide base
C. It results from chromosomal rearrangement
D. It does not change any amino acid
In the context of evolution, fitness is defined as:
A. Physical strength
B. The ability to survive and reproduce
C. Genetic variation
D. The survival of the fittest individuals only
The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information from:
A. RNA to DNA to Protein
B. DNA to RNA to Protein
C. Protein to DNA to RNA
D. RNA to Protein to DNA
A mutation that has no observable effect on phenotype is known as a:
A. Beneficial mutation
B. Harmful mutation
C. Silent mutation
D. Genetic mutation
Which type of RNA is responsible for assembling amino acids into proteins?
A. tRNA
B. mRNA
C. rRNA
D. DNA