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Mendelian Genetics Quiz – Grade 10 Biology

Instructions:

For each question, select the correct answer(s) from the options provided. Each question has four options (A, B, C, and D).

Questions

  1. Who is known as the father of genetics?

    • A. Charles Darwin
    • B. Gregor Mendel
    • C. James Watson
    • D. Francis Crick

  2. What are the three laws of inheritance proposed by Mendel?

    • A. Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment, Law of Dominance
    • B. Law of Segregation, Law of Co-Dominance, Law of Recessiveness
    • C. Law of Inheritance, Law of Segregation, Law of Codominance
    • D. Law of Assortment, Law of Segregation, Law of Dominance

  3. In a monohybrid cross, what is the expected genotypic ratio of the offspring when crossing two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa)?

    • A. 1:1
    • B. 1:2:1
    • C. 3:1
    • D. 4:0

  4. Consider the following monohybrid cross: A plant with genotype TT (tall) is crossed with a plant with genotype tt (short). What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?

    • A. 1 tall: 1 short
    • B. 100% tall
    • C. 50% tall: 50% short
    • D. 3 tall: 1 short

  5. What is the expected ratio of phenotypes in a dihybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (AaBb x AaBb)?

    • A. 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1
    • B. 9:3:3:1
    • C. 3:1
    • D. 1:3:1

  6. In a dihybrid cross, what gametes can be produced by a parent with the genotype AaBb?

    • A. AB, Ab, aB, ab
    • B. Aa, Bb, AB
    • C. A, B, a, b
    • D. AB, Aa, B

  7. What genotype represents a hybrid individual possessing one dominant and one recessive allele?

    • A. Homozygous
    • B. Heterozygous
    • C. Dominant
    • D. Recessive

  8. In genetics, what does the term "phenotype" refer to?

    • A. The genetic makeup of an organism
    • B. The physical appearance of an organism
    • C. An allele that is expressed
    • D. A trait that is masked

  9. If a true-breeding purple flower (PP) is crossed with a white flower (pp), what will the genotype of all F1 offspring be?

    • A. pp
    • B. Pp
    • C. PP
    • D. Pp and pp

  10. During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

    • A. Prophase I
    • B. Metaphase II
    • C. Anaphase I
    • D. Telophase II

Correct Answers:

  1. B. Gregor Mendel
  2. A. Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment, Law of Dominance
  3. B. 1:2:1
  4. B. 100% tall
  5. B. 9:3:3:1
  6. A. AB, Ab, aB, ab
  7. B. Heterozygous
  8. B. The physical appearance of an organism
  9. B. Pp
  10. C. Anaphase I

Each question is designed to assess your understanding of Mendelian genetics, including the foundational experiments of Gregor Mendel, the laws of inheritance, and the prediction of offspring traits through Punnett squares.