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Which subjectBiology
What age groupYear or Grade 10
What topicDNA Structure and Replication,Protein Synthesis,Meiosis diiference meiosis and mitosis
Question typesClose-ended
Number of questions30
Number of answers4
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Grade 10 Biology Quiz: DNA Structure and Replication, Protein Synthesis, Meiosis vs. Mitosis

Instructions

Select the correct answer from the options provided for each question. Good luck!

Questions

  1. What is the basic structure of DNA called?

    • A. Nucleotide
    • B. Amino Acid
    • C. Ribosome
    • D. Chromatin

  2. Which of the following components is NOT part of a nucleotide?

    • A. Phosphate group
    • B. Nitrogenous base
    • C. Sugar
    • D. Protein

  3. What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

    • A. Covalent bonds
    • B. Ionic bonds
    • C. Hydrogen bonds
    • D. Metallic bonds

  4. What is the primary function of DNA?

    • A. To provide energy for the cell
    • B. To store genetic information
    • C. To catalyze chemical reactions
    • D. To transport materials

  5. During DNA replication, the enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix is:

    • A. DNA polymerase
    • B. Ligase
    • C. Helicase
    • D. Primase

  6. What are the products of DNA replication?

    • A. Two identical DNA molecules
    • B. One DNA molecule and RNA
    • C. Protein
    • D. Lipids

  7. What is the process by which messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized from a DNA template called?

    • A. Translation
    • B. Replication
    • C. Transcription
    • D. Translocation

  8. Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

    • A. mRNA
    • B. tRNA
    • C. rRNA
    • D. sRNA

  9. What are the building blocks of proteins?

    • A. Nucleotides
    • B. Fatty Acids
    • C. Amino Acids
    • D. Sugars

  10. Where does translation occur in the cell?

    • A. Nucleus
    • B. Mitochondria
    • C. Ribosome
    • D. Endoplasmic Reticulum

  11. In which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?

    • A. Prophase I
    • B. Metaphase I
    • C. Anaphase I
    • D. Telophase I

  12. What is the end result of meiosis?

    • A. Two diploid cells
    • B. Four diploid cells
    • C. Four haploid cells
    • D. One diploid cell

  13. Which of the following statements best describes mitosis?

    • A. Reduces chromosome number by half
    • B. Involves two successive cell divisions
    • C. Produces genetically identical daughter cells
    • D. Occurs only in germ cells

  14. What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?

    • A. Mitosis produces more cells
    • B. Meiosis involves sexual reproduction
    • C. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells
    • D. All of the above

  15. In which of the following phases does independent assortment occur?

    • A. Prophase II
    • B. Metaphase I
    • C. Anaphase II
    • D. Telophase II

  16. The structure that forms between homologous chromosomes during meiosis is called:

    • A. Kinetochores
    • B. Tetrads
    • C. Centromeres
    • D. Chromatids

  17. If a cell has 24 chromosomes before meiosis, how many chromosomes will each gamete have after meiosis?

    • A. 12
    • B. 6
    • C. 24
    • D. 48

  18. What role does the enzyme DNA polymerase play during DNA replication?

    • A. Separates the DNA strands
    • B. Synthesizes new DNA strands
    • C. Joins Okazaki fragments
    • D. Removes RNA primers

  19. Which structure is responsible for the assembly of amino acids into proteins?

    • A. Nucleus
    • B. Ribosome
    • C. Golgi Apparatus
    • D. Lysosome

  20. The sequence of bases in DNA is important because it:

    • A. Determines the organism's size
    • B. Encodes genetic information
    • C. Controls metabolism
    • D. Provides structural support

  21. During which phase of meiosis do sister chromatids separate?

    • A. Anaphase I
    • B. Metaphase I
    • C. Anaphase II
    • D. Telophase I

  22. Which molecule is synthesized during transcription?

    • A. Protein
    • B. DNA
    • C. RNA
    • D. Lipids

  23. The genetic code is made up of sequences of:

    • A. Amino acids
    • B. Nucleotides
    • C. Sugars
    • D. Fatty acids

  24. What is the primary purpose of meiosis?

    • A. Growth and repair of tissues
    • B. Production of gametes
    • C. Replacement of damaged cells
    • D. Asexual reproduction

  25. What is produced as a result of transcription?

    • A. mRNA
    • B. tRNA
    • C. rRNA
    • D. DNA

  26. Which of the following processes creates genetic diversity?

    • A. Mitosis
    • B. DNA replication
    • C. Meiosis
    • D. Transcription

  27. How many times does the DNA replicate in meiosis?

    • A. Once
    • B. Twice
    • C. Three times
    • D. Not at all

  28. What is the term for the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis?

    • A. Separation
    • B. Crossing over
    • C. Synapsis
    • D. Disjunction

  29. What is the main difference between haploid and diploid cells?

    • A. Number of DNA strands
    • B. Number of chromosomes
    • C. Cell metabolism
    • D. Size of the cell

  30. Which enzyme is responsible for removing RNA primers during DNA replication?

    • A. Ligase
    • B. DNA polymerase
    • C. Helicase
    • D. RNase

Answer Key

  1. A
  2. D
  3. C
  4. B
  5. C
  6. A
  7. C
  8. B
  9. C
  10. C
  11. A
  12. C
  13. C
  14. D
  15. B
  16. B
  17. A
  18. B
  19. B
  20. B
  21. C
  22. C
  23. B
  24. B
  25. A
  26. C
  27. A
  28. C
  29. B
  30. A