Introduction
- The 13 colonies were the first English settlements in the New World.
- In 1607, Jamestown was established, and other colonies soon followed.
- The colonies had distinct characteristics that shaped their society and economy.
Geography of the Colonies
- The colonies were located along the eastern coast of North America.
- They were divided into 3 regions: New England, Middle Colonies, and Southern Colonies.
- Each region had its own natural resources, climate, and geography.
New England Colonies
- Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire
- Economy based on fishing, shipbuilding, and trade
- Puritans settled in these colonies for religious freedom
Middle Colonies
- New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware
- Known as the "breadbasket" colonies for their fertile soil and crops
- Diverse population with English, Dutch, and German settlers
Southern Colonies
- Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia
- Economy based on agriculture, particularly tobacco and rice
- Dependent on enslaved Africans for labor
Colonial Society
- Social structure based on wealth and status
- Colonists had limited rights and freedoms compared to those in England
- Religion played a significant role in the daily life of the colonies
Causes of the American Revolution
- British policies, such as taxation without representation
- Growing sense of American identity and desire for independence
- Influential leaders, such as Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry
Outcome of the American Revolution
- Final battle at Yorktown in 1781
- Treaty of Paris in 1783 recognized the United States as an independent nation
- The Constitution of the United States was written in 1787.